Recap Assignment Day-2 IVC Sensor Technology (IVC21–111)
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Day 2 Lecture Session 1 “Chemical Sensors-Type of Sensors and Target”
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of chemical sensors as compared to other types of sensors?
Concept and principles work :
The chemical sensor is an analyzer that reacts to a specific analyte in a particular and reversible way and changes input chemical amount, extending from the concentration of a particular test component to a add up to composition investigation, into a systematically electrical as delineated in. The chemical data may begin from a chemical response by a biomaterial, chemical compound, or a combination of both joined onto the surface of a physical transducer toward the analyte. The chemical sensor subject is a developing teach shaped by the multidisciplinary think about among chemistry, science, power, optics, mechanics, acoustics, thermology, semiconductor innovation, microelectronics innovation, and film innovation.
Benefits or advantages of Chemical sensors:
-Very high sensitivity
-Short response time
-Resistance to sensor poisoning
-Easy to integrate into measurement circuitry
-Fast response and recovery time
-Diverse sensor coatings
-Easier fabrication compared to SAW
Drawbacks or disadvantages of Chemical sensors :
-Short or limited shelf life
-Cross sensitivity of other gases
-Narrow or limited temperature range
-High power consume
-Sensitive to humidity
-Can be overloaded by certain analytes
-High cost and maintain
The chemical information, mentioned above, may originate from a chemical reaction of the analyte or from a physical property of the system investigated. They can have applications in different areas such as medicine, home safety, environmental pollution, and many others.
Day 2 Lecture Session 2 “Optical Based Sensors”
- Give one example and the working principle of optical-based sensors.
A Brief Explanation of Optical based Sensors :
Optical sensors still run the show the perch when it comes to showcasing share within the biometric industry. The innovation is strong, solid, and reasonably taken a toll viable, so right now a normal choice for conclusion clients of today’s main markets. In any case, the most developed markets for unique finger impression sensors going forward are anticipated because of Its security and the securing of gadgets, such as versatile phones. This makes a issue for optical sensor producers because their items are altogether bigger nowadays than their silicon-based partners. Within the IT security field, optical sensors can do well when displayed as a fringe gadget, such as a coordinates mouse or a straightforward standalone sensor. Be that as it may, integration into littler gadgets, such as portable workstations or portable phones isn’t truly practical.
One example and the working principle :
a. LED (Light Emitting Diode)
Principal works :
During the recombination process of electrons with holes at the junctions of n-doped and p-doped semiconductors, energy is released in the form of light. The excitation takes place by applying an external voltage and the recombination may be taking place, or it may be stimulated as another photon. This facilitates coupling the LED light with an optical device.
b. Through-Beam Sensors
Principal works :
The system consists of two separate components the transmitter and the receiver are placed opposite to each other. The transmitter projects a light beam onto the receiver. An interruption of the light beam is interpreted as a switch signal by the receiver. It is irrelevant where the interruption occurs. are operating distances can be achieved and the recognition is independent of the object’s surface structure, color, or reflectivity. To guarantee high operational dependability it must be assured that the object is sufficiently large to interrupt the light beam completely.
Day 2 Lecture Session 3 “MEMS Sensors”
- Draw a scheme for the fabrication of MEMS.
MEMS Principal :
Micro-electromechanical Systems (MEMS) is a technique used to manufacture miniaturized mechanical and electro-mechanical components using semiconductor manufacturing processes such as ion implantation, diffusion, oxidation, sputtering, etc., in combination with specialized micromachining techniques. Both the mechanical parts and the electronics that control them are built in the same piece of silicon. The resulting devices are also called MEMS.
There are several fabrication techniques used nowadays. Normally to fabricate a MEMS device more than one of these techniques is used. There are three features that must be considered in MEMS fabrication technologies. To fabricate MEMS combine the first two features, both inherited from the semiconductor IC fabrication technology, with sophisticated micromachining processes. Let’s look at some of these techniques.
This process is the normal technique used to manufacture typical integrated circuits. The fabrication consists of the application of the following steps, normally several times during manufacturing.
Day 2 Lecture Session 4 “Chemical Sensors Industry”
- Consider one example of chemical sensors in the industry. Describe its working principle.
Chemical sensors are devices that transform chemical information, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to overall composition analysis, into an analytically useful signal.
Type Industry sector can be able to chemical sensors mostly :
Gases in the Chemical Industry
These cover petrochemicals (acquired from oils), basic inorganics, and polymers. Petrochemicals are converted into more beneficial hydrocarbons using methods such as cracking, isomerization, and reforming. They are derived from hydrocarbons in crude oil and gas. The leading application for petrochemicals is the manufacture of a large variety of polymers, typically used in resins and plastics. Basic inorganics include chemicals for fertilizers, chlorine, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric and nitric acids.
a) Provide continuous gas monitoring — Personal gas monitors are crucial, but adding continuous monitoring for LEDs can notify you of a problem 24/7. There are some area gas monitors which have a 7-day run time, it can be extended permanently if an external power supply is utilized. Area monitors are perfect for monitoring a leak or spill or setting up a perimeter around a hazardous area.
b) Use data to reduce and eliminate gas exposure — Gas detection management software helps you manage hazards, equipment, and people, from anywhere by using a simple dashboard. It also supplies information on how gas detectors are being used, which allows you to take corrective actions.
c) Keep workers connected — If someone experiences a high gas situation, man-down, or panic, it could take minutes or hours before anyone is alerted. Using wireless gas monitors, a remote safety manager or first responder crew, as well as peers in the area, can be alerted immediately, improving response times.
So, the production, storage, and distribution of products and byproducts of the chemical industry are both some of the most beneficial to consumer's everyday lives, and also some of the most dangerous to those who work directly work with them.
